France

Description

This map is one of the classic historical atlases covering ancient Europe and North Africa, prepared at the beginning of the 19th century. The map, titled "Italy, Spain, and Parts of Africa," is part of the "Rollin's History" series; it is a map based on the classical historical narrative of French historian Charles Rollin. The map shows the Roman Empire's territories in the Western Mediterranean world, designated by ancient region names. The Italian peninsula includes pre-Roman and Roman-era regions such as Lucania, Apulia, and Liguria, while Hispania (Spain) is divided into Lusitania and Baetica. This division reflects the administrative divisions established during the Roman Empire. Indigenous tribal names and Roman colonies on the Iberian Peninsula, such as "Cantabri" and "Austria," are also included. On the African continent, Roman African provinces such as Mauretania and Numidia are particularly noteworthy. Important ancient cities such as Carthago, Utica, Leptis Magna, and Cirta are located along the North African coast. The "Great Desert" is written north of the Sahara desert, and ancient peoples such as the "Getulia" are shown. The route shown as a dotted line on the map represents Carthaginian commander Hannibal Barca's famous march from Spain across the Alps into central Italy. This expedition is considered one of the greatest military threats in Roman history.