Sultan Achmet Mosque, Constantinople

Description

The ancient hippodrum, built on the first of the seven hills of the historical peninsula in Istanbul, was built by the Roman Emperor Severuz in the 2nd century. The ancient hippodrum has a width of 117 meters and a height of 480 meters, and the human capacity of the building is between 60,000 and 100,000 people. Before the 19th century, it was named Horse Square due to horse training during the Ottoman Empire. It is known as Sultan Ahmet Square after the 19th century. One of the most magnificent monuments of Ottoman classical architecture, the Sultanahmet Mosque began construction in 1609 and was completed in 1616 by Sedefkar Mehmet Ağa, a student and successor of Mimar Sinan, under the patronage of Sultan Ahmed I. The mosque is located on Istanbul's historic peninsula, directly opposite Hagia Sophia, a symbol of Byzantine heritage. The mosque's interior is covered with İznik tiles in blue, green, and white. The heavily colored hand-drawn ornamentation, particularly on the semi-domes and the interior of the main dome, gives the building its distinctive character. For this reason, Europeans often refer to the Sultanahmet Mosque as the "Blue Mosque." The building's design includes a main dome, six minarets, and eight side domes. The interior is decorated with over 20,000 hand-painted İznik tiles, each featuring over fifty tulip patterns. The lower sections are simpler, while the upper galleries offer a richer appearance with floral, fruit, and cypress motifs. In addition, more than 200 stained glass windows filter the light and give the space a mystical atmosphere. The mihrab, the most important element, is made of finely crafted marble and enriched with a muqarnas niche and inscription panels. The Sultanahmet Mosque represents not only the pinnacle of Ottoman architectural history but also, rising alongside Hagia Sophia in Istanbul's skyline, a magnificent symbolic dialogue between East and West, Islam and Byzantine heritage. The obelisk in the engraving was brought from Egypt by the Roman emperor Theodosius I in 390. The Serpent Column was brought from the Temple of Apollo in the ancient city of Delphi, southwest of Mount Parnasos in Greece.